Sistema de enfriamiento

Problemas comunes del #ventilador del radiador:

El ventilador del radiador es un componente fundamental en el motor, éste se activa a través de un bulbo o sensor de temperatura que se encuentra en el radiador apenas llega a 90 grados centígrados. El motor comienza el ciclo de enfriamiento y una vez que llega a 70 grados se apaga.

La única ventaja de tener problemas en dicho dispositivo, es lo fácil que se detecta cuando está fallando.

Problema en los sensores: Esto se detecta cuando se apaga el auto y el ventilador sigue trabajando. No representa daño para el auto, pero de un momento a otro puede presentar fallas en el ventilador.

Fusible fundido: Se presenta cuando el auto posee dos ventiladores y ninguno de ellos funciona.

Motor quemado: Cuando solo uno de los dos ventiladores funciona, seguramente el motor de uno de ellos se quemó, o existe una mala conexión.

Termostato: Si los ventiladores no funcionan, pero el medidor de temperatura en el tablero es normal, el problema radica en el termostato. En algunos casos el termostato se pega o recuesta con el resorte. Para solucionar el problema debe cambiar el termostato.

Bajo voltaje: Cuando no existe suficiente carga, los ventiladores no reciben la fuerza necesaria para trabaja

Reparación:

En muchos casos principalmente en autos modernos la reparación consta de revisar el modulo de control del moto ventilador, cuando este tiene juego o los carbones presentan desgaste comienza a marcar códigos de error de PCM, y por lo general hay dos tipos de reparaciones una es el reemplazo del moto ventilador junto con las aspas. La segunda reparación que se le pudiera dar es el de reemplazar los carbones para darle una segunda oportunidad a la pieza automotriz sin embargo es mas confiable la primera ya que se haya comprobado correctamente que no sirve

Cuando se instala correctamente, lo que se debe revisar también en conjunto es su fusible y revelador y si es posible reemplazarlos al mismo tiempo esto para garantizar que la reparación hecha va a estar garantizada ya que por la corriente que maneja y voltaje genera también un desgaste que va en conjunto con el moto ventilador

Ya hecho los dos pasos anteriores solo queda instalar correctamente el componente y poner a trabajar el automóvil y revisar que el moto ventilador trabaje 3 veces seguidas y que se active y se desactive a la misma temperatura para garantizar que el trabajo se hizo correctamente y que la pieza instalada no tiene ningún defecto y así dejar satisfecho a nuestro cliente

A vehicle’s engine-cooling system serves not just to keep the engine cool, but to also keep its temperature warm enough to ensure efficient, clean operation. System components include a radiator to dissipate heat, a fan or fans to ensure adequate airflow for radiator cooling, a thermostat valve that opens when the desired operating temperature is reached and a water pump (or coolant pump) to circulate coolant through the engine, hoses and other components. Most vehicles now employ an expansion tank that allows the coolant to expand, and exit, the cooling circuit when hot, and to return when the car is turned off and the engine cools.
The cooling system also incorporates elements of the cabin’s ventilation system, because engine heat is used to warm the car’s interior.

While running, an engine continuously produces heat and converts it into power.
This heat is derived by burning fuel in the engine.
But as we all know, there is no engine in the world which is 100% efficient.
There is always some amount of heat energy which gets wasted. If we do not transmit this heat energy into the atmosphere, this heat will overheat the engine.
This overheating will result in engine seizing. In engine seizing, due to excess heat piston gets melted inside the cylinder.
It avoids this trouble of overheating a car is provided with an engine cooling system.

An engine cooling system is a system integrated with the engines. It carries away excess heat from the engine with the help of a flowing fluid.
This fluid can be air or water.

Or we can say there are two types of cooling systems
1. Liquid or indirect cooling system
2. Air or direct cooling system

LIQUID OR INDIRECT COOLING SYSTEM

In a liquid cooling system, an engine is surrounded with water jackets. With the help of a pump, this water gets circulated in this water jacket.
Water flowing in these jackets takes out heat from the engine. This hot water then flows through a radiator, where it gets cooled from the cold heat blown through a fan.
In this system, the water takes heat from the engine and that water gets cooled by the air and then again gets circulated to the engine.
This is an indirect cooling process, where the actual cooling thing that is air is not directly cooling the system. The air is cooling the water and water is cooling the engine.
Liquid or indirect cooling system is mainly used in big engines, like that of cars and trucks.

Advantages

1. The compact design of engines
2. It provides even cooling to the engine
3. The engine can be installed at any location of the vehicle. It is not necessary to install an engine at the front.
4. It can be used in both small and big engines

Limitations

1. Here water jacket becomes one extra part of the engine.
2. Water circulation consumes power, thus reduces engine efficiency.
3. In case of failure of the cooling system, serious damage could happen to the engine.
4. Cost of the system is considerably high.
5. It requires routine maintenance, and thus puts extra maintenance cost burden.

AIR OR DIRECT COOLING SYSTEM

In a direct cooling system, an engine is cooled directly with the help of air flowing through it. It is the same cooling system which is used to cool our bike engines.
As we can see here, the air is in direct contact with the engine hence it is also known as a direct cooling system.
Air cooling system is used for small engines, like that of bikes and grass cutter, etc.

Advantages

1. Design of the engine becomes simpler.
2. Repair is easy in case of damages.
3. Absence of bulky cooling system makes system maintenance easily.
4. No danger of coolant leakage.
5. The engine is not subjected to freezing troubles.
6. Weight of the system is less.
7. It is a self-contained unit, as it does not requires a radiator, header, tanks, etc.
8. Installation of the air-cooled system is easy.

Limitations

1. It is applicable to only small and medium-sized engines.
2. It can only be used at the places where ambient temperatures are lower.
3. Cooling is not uniform.
4. Higher working temperature as compared to water-cooled engines.
5. It produces more aerodynamic noise.
6. Specific fuel consumption is slightly higher.
7. Lower maximum allowable compression ratios.
8. The fan, if used consumes almost 5% power generated by the engines.

Characteristics of an efficient engine cooling system

Following are two main characteristics of an efficient engine cooling system.

1. It should be capable of removing about 30% of the heat generated in the engine while maintaining an optimum working temperature in the engine.
2. It should remove heat at a faster rate when the engine is hot and remove the engine at a slow rate when the engine is cold.